A Failure That Will Haunts You Lifetime
Kidneys are the organs that filter waste products from the blood. Filtration agent, expert said. They are heavily involved in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte balance, and red blood cell production in the body.
When blood flows to the kidney, sensors within specialized kidney cells regulate how much water to excrete as urine, along with what concentration of electrolytes. For example, if a person is dehydrated from exercise or from an illness, the kidneys will hold onto as much water as possible and the urine becomes very concentrated. When adequate water is present in the body, the urine is much more dilute, and the urine becomes clear. Urine that is made by each kidney flows through the ureter, a tube that connects the kidney to the bladder. Urine is stored within the bladder, and when urination occurs, the bladder empties urine through a tube called the urethra. This system is controlled by renin, a hormone produced in the kidney that is part of the fluid and blood pressure regulation systems of the body.
Kidneys are also the source of erythropoietin in the body, a hormone that stimulates the bone marrow to make red blood cells. Special cells in the kidney monitor the oxygen concentration in blood. If oxygen levels fall, erythropoietin levels rise and the body starts to manufacture more red blood cells in order to attain and bind more oxygens.
Symptoms of kidney failure are due to the build-up of waste products and excess fluid in the body that may cause weakness, shortness of breath, lethargy, swelling, and confusion. Inability to remove potassium from the bloodstream may lead to abnormal heart rhythms and sudden death. Initially, kidney failure may be not produce any symptoms (asymptomatic). As kidney function decreases, the symptoms are related to the inability to regulate water and electrolyte balances, clear waste products from the body, and promote red blood cell production. If unrecognized or untreated, this following symptoms of kidney failure may develop into life-threatening circumstances. Kidney failure may occur from an acute situation that injures the kidneys or from chronic diseases that gradually cause the kidneys to stop functioning.
In acute renal failure, kidney function is lost rapidly and can occur from a variety of insults to the body. Since most people have two kidneys, both kidneys must be damaged for complete kidney failure to occur. If only one kidney fails or is diseased it can be removed, and the remaining kidney may continue to have normal kidney (renal) function, although the patient’s life won’t be the same anymore. If a both patient’s kidneys are injured or diseased, a donor kidney(s) may transplanted. Hemodialysis is badly needed since it is the only choice of renal replacement therapy for renal failure patients and for other patients as maintenance therapy. It provides excellent, rapid clearance of solutes. Hemodialysis can help keep the body running as normally as possible. Without hemodialysis, salts and other waste products will accumulate in the blood, poison the body, and damage other organs. This is why, renal failure patients are depending to hemodialysis for their lifetime since they are unable to do this because their kidneys are not functioning anymore. However, hemodialysis alone will not provide a complete treatment for those with kidney failure. Diet and fluid restrictions need to be followed, and medicines may need to be taken to replace other functions of the kidneys, such as regulating blood pressure and stimulating production of red blood cells to prevent anemia.
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